Psoriasis on the head is one of the most common forms of psoriasis.When the psoriatic rash is located only on the head (area psoriasis of the scalp), it can be an independent variant of the disease, or when pathological changes capture the entire skin surface, it may be associated with a generalized, diffuse form of manifestation.
Causes of the disease
The cause of psoriasis in the head is the same as other localized psoriasis.However, many theories of psoriasis have not been widely accepted, and despite a lot of research, the real cause of the disease remains unknown.However, the differentiation factor, its role is demonstrated in the development of the disease.
- Genetic.In about one-third of patients, psoriasis is inherited according to the classical laws of genetics: from parents to offspring, according to the autosomal dominant mechanism.In other cases, psoriasis refers to the fact that genetic factors increase the risk of the disease when there are other significant effects.
- Immune, endocrine, metabolic diseases.
- Epidermal disease: Various changes in the life cycle of skin cells, where the maximum value is linked to abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes (acceleration of skin division) (acceleration of skin division) and slowing of morphological differentiation (maturation and differentiation into different types of cells).
Main symptoms
The main local symptom of psoriasis on the head is thickened by pink or bright red patches, clear papules and plaques with characteristic silver peeling on its surface.Typical localization - forehead and frozen areas on the boundary of hair growth areas.At the beginning of the disease, there are usually very few plaques, they are pale and deleted, stored in the same place for a long time.The rash progresses after exposure to provocative factors (trauma, infection, pregnancy, diet, nerve shock, etc.).The plains increase in size, merge, become brighter and itchy.Even in the case of severe lesions and large scalp lesions, the hair of psoriasis will not fall off.
When the surface of the plaque is displayed, you can determine the characteristics of the symptoms Triad:
- The phenomenon of stearin spots is increased by slight peeling.
- Phenomenon of end membrane - After removing the scales, the surface of the plaque becomes wet, thin, and shiny.
- Ospitz symptoms or bloody dew phenomenon - carefully spreading the end membrane, pointing bleeding form appears in the form of small non-release blood droplets.
In addition to local symptoms, some patients also develop nail lesions and psoriatic arthritis.
treat
Treatment of psoriasis on the head should be complex, including correcting possible causes and eliminating provocative factors, dietary therapy, and general and local funding.In each case, specific recommendations for skin care and medication selection are individuals and they should be given to their dermatologist.
Unfortunately, it is not clear today how to completely cure psoriasis - a disease that is chronic and prone to symptom.However, when skin symptoms become inconspicuous or completely disappear, the thorough implementation of all dates can provide long-term sustained relief.
diet
The diet of psoriasis patients is similar to that of allergic patients because it is precisely the diet that supports severe malignant changes in the skin.Therefore, they are excluded from the diet:
- Extract substances (strong meat and fish soup, smoked meat).
- Spices, seasonings.
- Products with a large number of artificial flavors, dyes.
- Marinate, salley and salty vegetables, canned food.
- mushroom.
- Alcohol.
- Exotic fruits (mango, kiwi, etc.).
Limited fat and deep-fried dishes, easy-to-digest carbohydrates (candy, pasta, butter baked), meal salt.In the context of worsening, unloading days are recommended, and the itchy rash is intense - hungry twice a week.
skin care
Even with severe itching, avoid combing the skin, as damage to plaques can often lead to the emergence of new rashes (Kobner phenomenon).To alleviate itching and remove scales, they shampoo every day, alternately using special shampoos and anti-inflammatory decoctions.Shampoo for psoriasis on the head may contain:
- tar;
- Selena sulfide;
- Zinc.
Shampoo is no more than three times a week, and between these processes, it is recommended to wash the head with soup with chamomile, wire, sage, pine extract and tea leaves.
drug
In severe cases of worsening, psoriasis can be treated in hospitals and prescribed in systemic corticosteroids (oral or intramuscular), desensitization (internal and intramuscular).Perform detoxification, intravenous injection of sodium thiosulfate, calcium chloride, and intramuscular injection of calcium gluconate (or internal prescription).
Additionally, with severe and moderate psoriasis, the following medications can be prescribed (strictly as directed and alone!):
- Cell inhibitors (methotrexate, cyclosporin) - Inhibit abnormal cell proliferation.
- Systemic retinoids are similar to - regulating the process of skin cell regeneration and differentiation.This drug is not similar to cell inhibitors and other retinoids.
- Systematic Biological Agents - Reduces the activity of the immune system.
Local funds
With a wide range of skin manifestations, especially in the presence of a comb, the elements of the exudate, in the presence of a comb, use local funds and are very cautious because the active substances are produced as systemic side effects develop through the active penetration of damaged skin.They begin to be applied in an intensifying phase, and during partial remission, topical drugs form the basis for psoriasis treatment.
In addition to therapeutic shampoos and anti-inflammatory drugs, pastes, ointments, creams, gels, lotions, are also used.The following drugs are most commonly used:
- Local funds containing tar are used twice a day for the scalp, with a course of 1-2 weeks.It is not recommended that they will not interrupt long-term treatments, as they can cause excessive dry skin.
- Brain ointment.
- Salicy liposuction.Salicylic acid has the effect of keratinizing fluid (“dissolving” crude cells), and disinfects the surface of the plaque.
- Use zinc.
- Local forms of glucocorticoids.To avoid the development of local skin changes (steroids, irritation, thinning, atrophy, allergic dermatitis) and systemic side effects (metabolism, hormone disorders, etc.), corticosteroids are prescribed within two weeks of each month.They should be applied twice a day with thin layers, only on plaques, without mechanical damage on the surface (comb, erosion).In addition to creams, there are hormone lotions and lotions that are being sold and are easy to wash from the hair.
- Vitamin D analogs are applied to lesions twice a day and can be used in combination with topical steroids.
- Depending on the response to treatment, topical retinoids are applied to plaques every hour during 10 days or more courses (which may cause severe irritation in the application field).
- Anthralin is used up to 4 times a day.Side Effects - Irritating effects (itritic, redness), yellow skin tone applied to the application location.
- Topical therapy is a modern and efficient psoriasis treatment.In most cases, a combination of glucocorticoids and tar and salicylic acid is used.Another good combination of psoriasis on the head.
A large number of trade names of local drugs from psoriasis are produced, and only experts can understand them.Do not introduce yourself, buy according to the advice of an acquaintance or in advertising or even under the influence of any effective medication.How to treat only the dermatologist should determine psoriasis, as topical therapy always means individually selected combinations and alternating medications.
Non-drug therapy
Psoriasis refers to a climate-dependent disease.Therefore, natural sunlight is very beneficial for psoriasis and leads to reduced skin performance.It is recommended to use the patient every day, but stay in the sun for a short period of time (morning, closer to night).During the autumn and winter period, UOF is specified.Rivers and seawater have good functions.Lasting and sufficient complete relief can be achieved during the rehabilitation and treatment process of Dead Sea Nursing Home.
Physical therapy techniques are widely used in the treatment of psoriasis on the head: phototherapy for UFV, narrow range of UFV, bullet therapy.It should be kept in mind that frequent sunlight and physical treatments for psoriasis increase the risk of skin cancer, so physical therapy in children is not recommended and all other patients require preventive examinations of oncologists every year.