Psoriasis - About disease, cause, photo, treatment

Psoriasis is a chronic dermatological disease whose pathogenesis is based on abnormally rapid growth of skin cells, which leads to the appearance of skin surfaces in compact areas of various colors.

Today, psoriasis has become the most common non-infectious dermatological disease.Psoriasis has no gender tendency – both men and women suffer equally frequently.You can get this pathology at any age, but the first sign of this disease often appears for up to 20 years.

Psoriasis is poor in treatment, partly because the etiology and pathogenesis of this pathology have not been known so far.Furthermore, there are no specific means of preventing psoriasis, because it is impossible to determine whether a person is susceptible to the disease.

Reasons for development

At present, scientists cannot clearly answer the question "Why does psoriasis develop?"Two major factors that distinguish the development of the disease - this is the genetic susceptibility and hyperresponsiveness of the immune system.

Confirmed so farThe tendency to develop psoriasis is inherited.But the difficulty lies in the fact that it is difficult to trace how this tendency is inherited and after which factors may develop.

It is believed that the following factors induce the development of psoriasis:

• Frequent hypothermia of the skin and the effects of dry climate on it;
• The process of infection;
• Frequent stress;
• Use of medications in certain groups: non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs (especially aspirin), some hypotonic and psychotropic drugs;

Disease

At present, the pathogenesis of psoriasis has not been finalized.There are two main links that can distinguish pathogenesis:

1. Violation of skin keratosis.
2. Destruction of the immune system.

At the same time, the above factors lead to the fact that cells in the subepidermal layer begin to be shared very quickly for unknown reasons.This process results in an increase in the reactivity of the wilt rate in the upper layer of epidermal cells, which is manifested externally as peeling of the skin.

symptom

The disease always begins with a keen eye without any pioneer in the development of pathological processes.Usually, the first element of the rash is located where the skin is damaged.

At the beginning of symptoms of psoriasis, a pink or red papules appear on the skin.This process is accompanied by itching.Elements range in sizes from a few millimeters to 1.5 cm (in some cases, elements reach larger sizes).The element of the rash is then covered with silver scales that are easily separated.

Sometimes psoriasis can damage the nail plate.This pathology is externally similar to fungal damage to the nails and is manifested by the following symptoms:

• There are many small grooves on the surface of the nail.

• The edges of the nail plate thicken and get a dull yellowish color.

Another characteristic of psoriasis is psoriatic arthritis (symmetric damage to joints and surrounding tissues).Most commonly, pathological processes develop in the interactive joints of the feet and hands.At first, the disease is manifested by pain and swelling, and then deformation of the affected joints occurs, which may even lead to disability in the patient.It should be noted that in rare cases, damage is also possible.Sometimes, psoriatic arthritis develops even in the joints of the spine.

type

The following types of psoriasis are distinguished according to the severity and characteristics of the clinical manifestation:

• plaquaper.This type is the most common - almost 90% of psoriasis patients are diagnosed.In theory, elements of the rash can occur in any area of the skin.However, the most typical local locations are the extensors of the upper back, scalp and lower limbs (areas of the elbows and knees).It should be noted that with this form of psoriasis, pathological elements do not appear on the face, and the palms and soles are still intact.Externally, this form looks like an inflamed patch covered with a silvery silver color.When the plaque appears under the scale, lymph releases.With further damage, the plaque begins to bleed.The plaque form of psoriasis is characterized by the appearance of So called "paraffin lake" - a confluence of several plaques in one element.
• Reverse psoriasis (psoriasis that flexes the surface or intercoagulates).This form is rare.The elements of the rash have the form of red spots without peeling off and do not protrude on the surface of the intact skin.Typical positioning of psoriasis form - skin folds (armed cavity, groin folds, skin under the breast of a woman).Similarly, fungal infections usually add reverse psoriasis due to localization characteristics.
• Reproductive psoriasis.This form usually develops in girls, mainly during adolescence (up to 16 years).The development of pathological processes is usually a streptococci infection (e.g., angina).The rash with rock psoriasis is similar to the common allergic rash – small dots, ranging from gray to lilac color, does not protrude above the skin surface.This rash can appear in any area of the skin.The skin where the rash is located usually has an inflamed appearance.

• Pustules Pustules.It's more serious than above.Accompanied with pustule psoriasis, a small abscess filled with pus appeared on the patient's body.This form can occur locally and in general.With pustule psoriasis, the general condition of the patient often deteriorates and the body temperature rises.Use of the generalized form of pustule psoriasis requires hospitalization.
• Erythrosis is the most serious form of psoriasis.With it, the patient's entire skin is damaged.This form is accompanied by chills, and the body temperature rises to a high number, and the patient's condition deteriorates sharply.The disease requires urgent medical intervention without fatal results.

Severity

In terms of severity, there are many different levels of psoriasis.However, in conventional clinical practice, the simplest is the most commonly used, which does not require any special research methods.

Therefore, differentiateThree degrees of psoriasisDepend on the prevalence of the pathological process:

• Light.This form is set when the patient is affected by psoriasis of less than 3% of the skin.
• Medium form.The diagnosis is performed by psoriasis damage from 3% to 10% of the patient's skin.
• Thick shape.This form is manifested considering skin and clinical manifestations.Therefore, this form of lesions exceeds 10% of the skin or patients' health worsens significantly.It should be noted that in the case of psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis is considered severe regardless of the prevalence of the pathological process.

Disease and prognosis process

Psoriasis is a disease with a wavy course, that is, it has a period of relief (the symptoms actually disappear) and exacerbation.Typically, the process becomes worse during the season.

The prognosis of psoriasis depends on the form of disease and severity.Usually, with the classic form of psoriasis, the prognosis is favorable, but in severe forms, disability is possible, even death.

Although most psoriasis has a good prognosis, don’t forget the social aspects of the disease.During the acute period of the disease, the skin and furry parts of the human head are covered with stripped plaques, which are often considered by others as the manifestation of any infectious disease.As a result, the people around them began to avoid the patient, which led to him being shut down and often frustrated.

diagnosis

The basis of diagnosis is the clinical manifestations of the disease, its current functions and objectively inspected data.There are many characteristic symptoms used to diagnose psoriasis:

• "Psoriasis membrane" - If you clean the peeled surface, it will become smooth and shiny.
• "Stearin Staining" - When psoriatic elements are shown, their surfaces turn white and Starin movies appear.
• "Blood Dew" - If you do not stop the element's suspender after the above symptoms appear, the surface is covered with blood (capillary bleeding occurs).

The above three symptoms are called "psoriasis triads", which are the main methods for diagnosis of psoriasis.But at some stage of the disease, there are more signs:

• In the acute phase of psoriasis, PILNOV symptoms are caused (the elements of psoriasis are surrounded by red edges) and Kebner (new rashes are actively appearing in areas of damaged skin).
• The phase of the regression also determines the symptoms of Voronov (around the element, bright light with slightly wrinkled skin is identified).

In laboratory and tool methods, use the following:

• Microscopy of scales and dough with potassium hydroxide (for differential diagnosis of fungal skin lesions).
• In complex clinical cases, there is an atypical course, and pathological elements are resorted to biopsy.
• For psoriatic arthritis, blood test indicators (mainly ESR and rheumatoid factors) were examined and X-rays of the affected joints were performed (for the differential diagnosis of arthritis of another cause).

treat

The treatment of psoriasis is a long and complicated process.Unfortunately, since psoriasis is a chronic disease, the purpose of treatment is not a cure for the patient, but a long-term relief and prevention of aggravation.Treatment depends on the stage, shape and severity of psoriasis.It should be noted that dermatologists must prescribe a set of medical measures only after a thorough examination and diagnostic verification of the patient.

diet.The treatment of psoriasis should start with the correction of the patient's daily diet.If we talk about general recommendations, psoriasis patients should reduce the amount of protein in their diet and increase the amount of carbohydrates that are increased due to eating vegetables and fruits.Products that can cause psoriasis to exacerbate: alcohol, chocolate, various spicy spices, and restrictions on the use of garlic and onion must also be ruled out.It is also worth limiting the consumption of fried meat and fish and smoked meat.

Likewise, when compiling the optimal diet, the patient's tendency to be allergic to any product should be considered and if possible, exclusion should be considered.The best diet is to use a lot of fresh and vegetables as well as lean meats cooked and fish.

Drug treatment.To treat psoriasis, the drug is used in various forms of release: ointments, tablets, injections, etc.

In addition to topical drugs, drugs should be prescribed in the form of tablets or injections, and systemic treatment should also be used.The following drugs are usually prescribed:

• Immunosuppressant.They have an overwhelming impact on the immune system.It is only prescribed in severe cases where other treatments are not suitable for, as it has a lot of side effects and is difficult to transfer.

• Cell inhibitors.Its role is designed to reduce the rate of cell division, resulting in a decrease in psoriasis development and a decrease in peeling.It is used only in very severe cases and is resistant to other treatments.
• Various homeopathic medications.Unfortunately, these drugs are not suitable for all patients and do not always have the necessary effects.

Photochemotherapy.Lighting is one of the main methods of psoriasis treatment.

In short, it is worth noting that psoriasis is a complex disease.A qualified doctor must be completed through treatment.Remember that there is no miraculous way to praise on the internet to help you get rid of psoriasis yourself.

The same is true for folk medicine - all its methods can only be used in conjunction with the basic remedies prescribed by the subject physician.

Therefore, we can conclude that to be successful in treatment, the patient should only use those methods he agrees to the subject physician and observe all his suggestions.This is the only way to have good success in the treatment and long-term remission of psoriasis.